THIS MONTH™ INSTANT GUIDE

🚀 Black Innovators Time Machine ⏰

Travel through time to meet brilliant inventors who changed our world

📚 Recommended for Grades 3-5

An interactive time-telling adventure celebrating Black innovation in STEM

What Is the Time Machine?

The Black Innovators Time Machine is an interactive educational game that combines time-telling skills, typing practice, and Black History Month learning. Students master reading and setting analog clocks while traveling through time to meet ten extraordinary Black scientists, inventors, and engineers whose innovations shaped the modern world.

🎯 Learning Objectives

  • Reading & Typing Practice: Students read dates and times, then type them accurately using a keyboard
  • Digital-to-Analog Translation: Convert digital time displays into correct analog clock positions
  • Fine Motor Skills: Precisely drag hour and minute hands to set the correct time
  • Timeline Understanding: Work chronologically (1882→1995) to build historical sequence, or skip around to explore freely
  • Time Format Fluency: Practice with both 12-hour and 24-hour time formats
  • History & STEM: Discover Black innovators' contributions to science, technology, and engineering
  • Growth Mindset: Learn about perseverance, problem-solving, and breaking barriers through real role models

How It Works

  1. Read the Date & Time: Students see a historical date and time displayed digitally (e.g., "March 15, 1882 at 3:30")
  2. Type the Information: Using the keyboard, students enter the date and time to program the time machine
  3. Translate to Analog: Convert the digital time into analog format by dragging clock hands to the correct positions
  4. Launch the Rocket: When the clock is set correctly, the time machine "travels" to meet an innovator
  5. Watch & Learn: Video introduces the inventor and their breakthrough achievement
  6. Choose Your Path: Continue chronologically through all ten missions, or jump to any inventor that interests you
🚀 Launch the Time Machine Activity

⚙️ Customizable Difficulty Levels

  • Hour Only: Students set only the hour (minute hand stays at 12)
  • Hour + :30: Times on the hour or half-hour only
  • Any Time: Full clock precision with 5-minute intervals

Meet the Innovators

Students will travel through time from 1882 to 2012, meeting pioneers whose brilliance and persistence changed history:

Lewis Howard Latimer

1882 • 3:30

Improved the carbon filament in light bulbs, making electric lighting affordable and long-lasting for homes everywhere.

Granville T. Woods

1893 • 11:00

The "Black Edison" invented the railway telegraph, allowing moving trains to communicate and prevent collisions.

George Washington Carver

1916 • 2:15

Agricultural scientist who discovered over 300 uses for peanuts, revolutionizing Southern farming.

Garrett Morgan

1923 • 10:45

Invented the three-position traffic signal, making streets safer for drivers and pedestrians alike.

Katherine Johnson

1962 • 9:47

NASA mathematician whose calculations were critical to the success of the first U.S. manned spaceflight.

Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson

1973 • 1:00

Physicist whose research led to the development of caller ID, call waiting, and fiber optic cables.

Lonnie G. Johnson

1982 • 7:30

NASA engineer who invented the Super Soaker water gun while working on spacecraft cooling systems.

Guy Bluford

1983 • 2:32

First African American astronaut in space, flying on the Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-8.

Dr. Marian R. Croak

1995 • 9:15

Pioneer of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), making online voice and video calls possible worldwide.

Dr. Arlyne Simon

2012 • 2:30

Biomedical engineer who invented a blood test to detect bone marrow transplant rejection, designed medical imaging equipment at Intel, and inspires young inventors through her "Abby Invents" book series.

A Timeline of Innovation

From the late 1800s to the digital age, these inventors broke barriers and created technologies we use every day:

1882-1923

Industrial Revolution Era: Latimer, Woods, Carver, and Morgan solved critical infrastructure challenges—lighting, transportation safety, agriculture, and traffic control.

1962-1973

Space Age & Scientific Breakthroughs: Johnson's calculations sent astronauts safely to space, while Jackson's physics research laid groundwork for telecommunications.

1982-1995

Modern Technology Era: Johnson, Bluford, and Croak advanced space exploration, engineering innovation, and digital communication that powers today's internet.

2012

Biomedical Innovation: Dr. Simon invented a life-saving blood test that helps doctors know if a patient's body is rejecting a bone marrow transplant. She also writes books to inspire kids—especially girls—to see themselves as future inventors. What will YOU invent next?

Why This Matters

This Time Machine does more than teach time-telling—it reveals the profound impact of Black innovators on modern life. Students discover that:

  • Innovation comes from diverse minds: Breakthrough solutions arise when people from all backgrounds contribute their unique perspectives
  • Persistence pays off: These inventors faced significant obstacles yet continued pursuing their visions
  • STEM is everywhere: From traffic lights to video calls, innovations improve daily life for everyone
  • History is ongoing: Today's students can be tomorrow's inventors, building on this legacy

🌟 Representation Matters

For many students, this may be their first introduction to Black scientists and inventors beyond a few well-known figures. Seeing diverse role models in STEM fields helps all students envision themselves as future innovators and problem-solvers.

How to Use This Activity

🖥️ Technical Setup

  • Device: Works on computers, tablets, and interactive whiteboards
  • Browser: Any modern web browser (Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Edge)
  • Internet: Required for video streaming
  • Sound: Videos include narration and music—headphones optional for individual work

📋 Suggested Implementation

Whole Class Introduction (15 minutes)

  • Project the Time Machine on your classroom screen
  • Demonstrate how to read the digital time and date
  • Show keyboard typing to enter the information
  • Model dragging clock hands to match the digital time (hour hand first, then minute hand)
  • Complete the first mission together (Lewis Latimer - March 15, 1882 at 3:30)
  • Discuss: "How did Latimer's invention change people's lives?"

Independent/Partner Practice (20-30 minutes)

  • Students work individually or in pairs at devices
  • Choose appropriate difficulty level for each student's needs
  • Option 1 - Chronological: Progress through all ten innovators in historical order to build timeline understanding
  • Option 2 - Student Choice: Allow students to "jump" to inventors that interest them most
  • Encourage students to watch videos fully and discuss innovations
  • Circulate to check keyboard typing accuracy and clock-setting skills
  • Celebrate successes and support students who need help with digital-to-analog translation

Reflection & Extension (10-15 minutes)

  • Class discussion: Which inventor inspired you most? Why?
  • Writing prompt: "If I could travel back in time, I would ask [inventor]..."
  • STEM connection: "What problem would you like to solve with an invention?"

♿ Accessibility Features

  • Visual: High-contrast clock face, large numbers, bright color coding
  • Motor: Forgiving click tolerance (±15 degrees), works with mouse or touch, keyboard typing practice
  • Cognitive: Three difficulty levels, visual feedback, unlimited attempts, choice of chronological or free exploration
  • Audio: Videos include captions (enable in video player controls)
  • Typing Support: Students can use on-screen keyboards or physical keyboards; date/time format is clearly displayed

📚 Extension Activities

  • Chronological Challenge: Race to complete all inventors in order from 1882-1995, discussing how technology built upon itself
  • Research Project: Students choose an innovator and create a presentation about their life and inventions
  • Timeline Creation: Build a visual timeline showing all ten innovators and their contributions in historical context
  • Invention Challenge: Design a solution to a problem in your school or community
  • Biography Writing: Write a "day in the life" story from an inventor's perspective
  • STEM Fair: Create working models or demonstrations of the inventions featured
  • Math Extension: Calculate time differences between invention dates, years between inventors, create word problems
  • Typing Practice: Create additional date/time cards for students to practice reading and typing historical information

👩‍🏫 For Educators

⚠️ Teacher Preparation Note

Some video segments include brief references to enslavement, segregation, and racial barriers these innovators faced. These mentions provide important historical context for the often serious adversity experienced. Please preview the content to assess alignment with your students' historical understanding and prepare age-appropriate framing based on your students' prior knowledge and your curriculum.

Standards Alignment

Click to expand the standards that apply to your state or curriculum:

📘 Common Core State Standards (CCSS)

Mathematics:

  • 3.MD.A.1: Tell and write time to the nearest minute
  • 4.MD.A.1: Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of time
  • 5.MD.A.1: Convert among different-sized measurement units

English Language Arts:

  • RI.3-5.1: Ask and answer questions about key details in informational texts
  • RI.3-5.2: Determine main ideas and supporting details
  • W.3-5.2: Write informative/explanatory texts

Social Studies/History:

  • Black History Month learning objectives
  • Historical contributions of diverse Americans
  • Impact of innovation on society

NGSS Connections:

  • 3-5-ETS1-1: Define problems that can be solved through engineering
  • 3-5-ETS1-2: Generate and compare multiple solutions
🍑 Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE) / Georgia SuitCASE

Mathematics (SY2023-2024 Standards - Big Ideas Framework):

  • 3.MDR.5.1: Tell and write time to the nearest minute and estimate time intervals in minutes
  • 4.MDR.6.1: (Analogue to 4.MD.A.1) Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of time
  • 5.MDR.7.1: (Analogue to 5.MD.A.1) Convert among different-sized measurement units

Georgia's math standards are now organized by "Big Ideas" such as Measurement and Data Reasoning (MDR)

English Language Arts (SY2025-2026 Standards - TA/C Framework):

  • 3.TA.1 / 4.TA.1 / 5.TA.1: Ask and answer literal and inferential questions to demonstrate understanding of a text, referring to specific details as evidence (Analogue to RI.3-5.1)
  • 3.TA.2 / 4.TA.2 / 5.TA.2: Determine the main idea or central message of a text and explain how supporting details contribute to that idea (Analogue to RI.3-5.2)
  • 3.C.2 / 4.C.2 / 5.C.2: Compose informative and explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly (Analogue to W.3-5.2)

The new ELA standards move away from "RI" (Reading Informational) coding toward a unified Textual Analysis (TA) and Composing (C) framework

Social Studies (Georgia Standards of Excellence):

  • SS2H1: Describe the lives and contributions of historical figures
  • SS4H3: Explain the impact of new inventions (e.g., the telegraph, steam engine) on the expansion and development of the U.S.
  • SS5H6: Describe the importance of key people and events between 1950–1975, specifically the Civil Rights Movement

Georgia integrates specific historical figures and themes into its grade-level standards rather than having a standalone "Black History" standard

Science (NGSS-Aligned GSE):

  • S3-5ETS1-1: Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials (Analogue to NGSS 3-5-ETS1-1)
  • S3-5ETS1-2: Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem (Analogue to NGSS 3-5-ETS1-2)

Georgia's Science standards (GSE) mirror the Engineering Design expectations of the NGSS but use "S" prefixes

💬 Discussion Questions

Innovation & Impact:

  • How did [inventor's] creation make life better or safer for people?
  • What modern technology exists because of their invention?
  • Which invention surprised you most? Why?

Critical Thinking:

  • What challenges did these inventors face? How did they overcome them?
  • Why is it important to learn about inventors from different backgrounds?
  • What does it take to be an inventor? (patience, creativity, persistence, etc.)

Personal Connection:

  • Which inventor would you most like to meet? What would you ask them?
  • What problem in your life or community would you like to solve?
  • How can you practice the same persistence these inventors showed?

Historical Context (if appropriate for your students):

  • What barriers did Black inventors face in the past? How have things changed?
  • Why might some of these inventors not be as famous as they should be?
  • How can we make sure everyone's contributions are recognized?
🔗 Cross-Curricular Connections
  • Science: Study the scientific principles behind each invention (electricity, chemistry, physics, aerospace)
  • Math: Create time-based word problems, calculate years between inventions, graph timeline data, practice elapsed time
  • Technology/Keyboarding: Reinforce proper typing technique, practice date/time formatting, build computer literacy
  • Art: Design posters celebrating each inventor, create technical drawings of inventions
  • Language Arts: Write biographical sketches, create "interview" scripts, compose thank-you letters to inventors
  • Social Studies: Map where inventors lived and worked, create historical timelines, research patent process, explore how historical context shaped opportunities
  • Physical Education: Create movement activities representing clock hands, act out invention processes
📊 Assessment Ideas
  • Formative: Observe clock-setting accuracy, keyboard typing precision, digital-to-analog translation skills
  • Exit Ticket: "One thing I learned about [inventor] is..." or "I was inspired by..." or "The hardest part of setting the time was..."
  • Timeline Assessment: Have students arrange the ten innovators in chronological order and explain the progression of technology
  • Summative: Create inventor trading cards with biographical info, innovation details, and accurate dates/times
  • Portfolio: Include screenshots of completed missions, written reflections, timeline projects, or extension work
  • Skill Check: Provide written times and have students draw them on paper analog clocks
🎯 Differentiation Strategies
  • Support: Start with "Hour Only" mode, use paper analog clock for practice, partner struggling students with peers, allow use of reference materials for typing dates
  • Typing Support: Pre-teach keyboard skills, use large-print date cards, allow copy-paste for students with typing challenges
  • Extension/Advanced Learners: Challenge students to research additional Black inventors, create their own "Time Machine" missions for other historical figures, calculate exact time spans between inventions
  • ELL Support: Preview key vocabulary (hour hand, minute hand, digital, analog), use visual supports, pair with bilingual buddy, enable video captions
  • Enrichment: Research patent process, compare invention timelines across cultures, design improvements to existing inventions, create complex word problems using the timeline data
  • Sequential Learners: Require chronological completion to build timeline understanding
  • Creative Learners: Allow free exploration, then have them create their own sequencing logic (by type of invention, by region, etc.)
📚 Additional Resources
  • Library of Congress: Primary sources and historical documents about inventors
  • Smithsonian NMAAHC: African American History Museum online collections
  • NASA: Resources on Katherine Johnson, Guy Bluford, and space exploration
  • National Inventors Hall of Fame: Detailed biographies and invention information
  • Black History Month Resources: Age-appropriate books, videos, and activities
💡 Tips for Success
  • Preview videos before class to prepare for student questions and discussions
  • Test on your devices to ensure smooth video playback and interaction
  • Set clear expectations for independent work time and device use
  • Celebrate effort as much as accuracy—the learning is in the attempt!
  • Create connections between inventors' stories and students' own goals and dreams
  • Document learning with photos or videos to share with families and administrators